1. Filamento

Nella produzione di fibre sintetiche, il fluido di filatura (fusione o soluzione) dopo la filatura si forma e la post-lavorazione, risultando in una lunghezza di chilometri di fibre chiamate filamenti. Il filamento include monofilamento, filamento composto e filamento a tenda.

(1) monofilamento
L'originale si riferisce a una singola fibra continua filata da una filiera a foro singolo, ma nelle applicazioni pratiche spesso include il filamento con pochi fori composto da 3 ~ 6 fibre singole filate da una filiera da 3 ~ 6 fori. Il monofilamento di fibra sintetica grossolana (diametro 0,08 ~ 2 mm) è chiamato setole, utilizzato per realizzare corde, spazzole, sacchi a rete quotidiani, reti da pesca o tessuti filtranti industriali; Il monofilamento di poliammide più fine viene utilizzato per realizzare calze da donna trasparenti o altra maglieria fine.

(2) seta composta
A filament consisting of dozens of single fibers. Complex fibers of chemical fibers generally consist of 8 to 100 single fibers. The vast majority of fabrics are made of compound silk. This is because a compound silk composed of multiple single fibers is more compliant than a single silk of the same diameter.

(3) curtain wire
A silk strip composed of more than one hundred to several hundred single fibers used to manufacture tire cord fabric, commonly known as cord wire.

2. Staple fiber

The product of the chemical fiber is cut into a few centimeters to a dozen centimeters in length, this length of fiber is called staple fiber. According to the different cut length, staple fibers can be divided into cotton staple fiber, wool staple fiber, medium length staple fiber.

(1) cotton staple fiber
The length is 25 ~ 38mm, the fiber is fine (the linear density is 1.3 ~ 1.7dtex), similar to cotton fiber, mainly used for blending with cotton fiber, such as cotton type polyester staple fiber and cotton fiber blending, the resulting fabric is called "poly-cotton" fabric.

(2) hair staple fiber
Length of 70 ~ 150mm, coarse fiber (linear density of 3.3 ~ 7.7dtex), similar to wool, mainly used for blending with wool, such as wool type polyester staple fiber and wool blending, the resulting fabric is called "wool polyester" fabric.

(3) medium-length fiber
The length is 51 ~ 76mm, the fiber thickness is between cotton type and wool type (line density is 2.2 ~ 3.3dtex), mainly used for weaving medium and long fiber fabrics.

Staple fibers can be blended with natural fibers as well as other chemical fibers, so the blended fabrics have good comprehensive properties. In addition, short fiber can also be pure spinning. In the production of chemical fibers worldwide, the output of staple fibers is higher than that of filament fibers. According to the characteristics of fiber, some varieties (such as nylon) to produce filament; Some varieties (such as acrylic fiber) mainly produce short fiber; Some varieties, such as polyester, have a similar ratio.

3、Coarse detail silk

Coarse detail silk is short for T&T silk, from its appearance can see the alternating thick and detailed parts, and after the silk strips dyed can see the alternating dark and light color changes. Coarse detail silk is manufactured by non-uniform drawing technology after spinning forming. The difference in the nature of the two parts of silk produced can be controlled in production, and its distribution is irregular and natural.

Coarse detail silk coarse section of low strength, large breaking elongation, strong thermal shrinkage, good dyeing, and easy alkali reduction processing, can make full use of these characteristics to develop unique textile properties. The physical properties of coarse detail silk are related to the diameter ratio of coarse detail and other factors. General coarse detail filament has higher elongation at break and boiling water shrinkage and lower breaking strength and yield. Its strong shrinkage property can make coarse detail fibers mixed with other fibers to form heteroshrinkage mixed fibers. In addition, the coarse section of coarse detail silk is easy to deformation, low strength problems should be paid attention to in the weaving, dyeing and finishing process. The initial coarse detail silk is round silk. With the development of the production technology of coarse detail silk, some special coarse detail silk has appeared successively, such as special-shaped coarse detail silk, mixed fiber coarse detail silk, micro-porous coarse detail silk and fine denier coarse detail silk, etc. They either have special feel and style, or have special absorption, and are mostly used in the development of high-grade fabrics.

4、Textured yarn

Textured yarns include all silk and yarns that have been processed through deformation, such as stretch yarn and bulked yarn.

5、Differential chemical fiber

Differential chemical fiber maintenance loanword, originated from Japan, generally refers to the original chemical fiber based on the physical deformation or chemical modification of the fiber material, it is obviously different from the ordinary chemical fiber in appearance or internal quality. Differential fiber not only improves the performance and style of chemical fiber, but also gives chemical fiber new functions and characteristics, such as high water absorption, electrical conductivity, high shrinkage and dyeing. Because the differential fiber is mainly used to improve the simulation effect, comfort and protection, it is mainly used to develop the wear textiles like wool, linen and silk, and some of it is also used to develop the decorative textiles and industrial textiles.

6、Special-shaped fiber

In the processing of synthetic fiber spinning, the fiber with non-circular cross section or hollow fiber spun by special-shaped spinneret hole is called special-shaped cross section fiber, or special-shaped fiber. At present, there are dozens of types of profiled fiber, polyester fiber, polyamide fiber and polyacrylonitrile fiber sold on the market, about 50% of the profiled fiber.

7、Composite fiber

There are two or more kinds of polymer that do not mix on the cross section of the fiber. This chemical fiber is called composite fiber, or bicomponent fiber. Because the two or more components contained in the fiber complement each other, the performance of the composite fiber is usually better than that of the conventional synthetic fiber, and it has many uses.

There are many kinds of composite fibers, which can be divided into two categories according to their morphology, namely double-layer type and multilayer type. Double-layer type includes parallel type and skin core type, multi-layer type includes parallel multilayer type, radial type, multi-core type, wood grain type, embedded type, sea island type and split type.

8、microfiber

Because the thickness of a single fiber has a great impact on the performance of the fabric, chemical fibers can also be classified according to the thickness of a single fiber (linear density), generally divided into conventional fiber, fine fiber, microfiber and very fine fiber.

9、New composite fiber

Emerging in Japan in the late 1980s, new synthetics became popular around the world with novel and unique supernatural styles and textures, such as peach leather and ultrafine powder handles. New synthetic fiber from polymerization, spinning, weaving, dyeing and finishing, sewing and other steps adopt new modification and composite technology, is a kind of natural fiber and synthetic fiber can not compare with the previous new fiber material. According to its commodity form, the new composite fiber mainly includes super fluffy type, super drape type and super fine type. According to its feel, it can be divided into silk feel, peach skin feel, ultra fine powder feel and new wool feel.